Section 1
The Last Leaf explained simply
The Last Leaf by O. Henry
Original excerpt
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In a little district west of Washington Square the streets have run crazy and broken themselves into small strips called “places.” These “places” make strange angles and curves. One street crosses itself a time or two. An artist once discovered a valuable possibility in this street. Suppose a collector with a bill for paints, paper and canvas should,...
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In a little district west of Washington Square the streets have run
crazy and broken themselves into small strips called “places.” These
“places” make strange angles and curves. One street crosses itself a
time or two. An artist once discovered a valuable possibility in this
street. Suppose a collector with a bill for paints, paper and canvas
should, in traversing this route, suddenly meet himself coming back,
without a cent having been paid on account!
So, to quaint old the art people soon came prowling,
hunting for north windows and eighteenth-century gables and Dutch
attics and low rents. Then they imported some pewter mugs and a chafing
dish or two from Sixth avenue, and became a “colony.”
At the top of a squatty, three-story brick Sue and Johnsy had their
studio. “Johnsy” was familiar for Joanna. One was from Maine; the other
from California. They had met at the __ of an Eighth street
“Delmonico’s,” and found their tastes in art, chicory salad and bishop
sleeves so congenial that the joint studio resulted.
That was in May. In November a cold, unseen stranger, whom the doctors
called Pneumonia, stalked about the colony, touching one here and there
with his icy fingers. Over on the east side this ravager strode boldly,
smiting his victims by scores, but his feet trod slowly through the
maze of the narrow and moss-grown “places.”
Mr. Pneumonia was not what you would call a chivalric old gentleman. A
mite of a little woman with blood thinned by California zephyrs was
hardly fair game for the red-fisted, short-breathed old duffer. But
Johnsy he smote; and she lay, scarcely moving, on her painted iron
bedstead, looking through the small Dutch window-panes at the blank
side of the next brick house.
One morning the busy doctor invited Sue into the hallway with a shaggy,
gray eyebrow.
“She has one chance in—let us say, ten,” he said, as he shook down the
mercury in his clinical thermometer. “And that chance is for her to
want to live. This way people have of lining-up on the side of the
undertaker makes the entire pharmacopeia look silly. Your little lady
has made up her mind that she’s not going to get well. Has she anything
on her mind?”
“She—she wanted to paint the Bay of Naples some day,” said Sue.
“Paint?—bosh! Has she anything on her mind worth thinking about twice—a
man, for instance?”
“A man?” said Sue, with a jew’s-harp twang in her voice. “Is a man
worth—but, no, doctor; there is nothing of the kind.”
“Well, it is the weakness, then,” said the doctor. “I will do all that
science, so far as it may filter through my efforts, can accomplish.
But whenever my patient begins to count the carriages in her funeral
procession I subtract 50 per cent. from the curative power of
medicines. If you will get her to ask one question about the new winter
styles in cloak sleeves I will promise you a one-in-five chance for
her, instead of one in ten.”
After the doctor had gone Sue went into the workroom and cried a
Japanese napkin to a pulp. Then she swaggered into Johnsy’s room with
her drawing board, whistling ragtime.
Johnsy lay, scarcely making a ripple under the bedclothes, with her
face toward the window. Sue stopped whistling, thinking she was asleep.
She arranged her board and began a pen-and-ink drawing to illustrate a
magazine story. Young artists must pave their way to Art by drawing
pictures for magazine stories that young authors write to pave their
way to Literature.
As Sue was sketching a pair of elegant horseshow riding trousers and a
monocle on the figure of the hero, an Idaho cowboy, she heard a low
sound, several times repeated. She went quickly to the bedside.
Johnsy’s eyes were open wide. She was looking out the window and
counting—counting backward.
“Twelve,” she said, and a little later “eleven;” and then “ten,” and
“nine;” and then “eight” and “seven,” almost together.
Sue looked solicitously out the window. What was there to count? There
was only a bare, dreary yard to be seen, and the blank side of the
brick house twenty feet away. An old, old ivy vine, gnarled and decayed
at the roots, climbed half way up the brick wall. The cold breath of
autumn had stricken its leaves from the vine until its skeleton
branches clung, almost bare, to the crumbling bricks.
“What is it, dear?” asked Sue.
“Six,” said Johnsy, in almost a whisper. “They’re falling faster now.
Three days ago there were almost a hundred. It made my head ache to
count them. But now it’s easy. There goes another one. There are only
five left now.”
“Five what, dear. Tell your Sudie.”
“Leaves. On the ivy vine. When the last one falls I must go, too. I’ve
known that for three days. Didn’t the doctor tell you?”
“Oh, I never heard of such nonsense,” complained Sue, with magnificent
scorn. “What have old ivy leaves to do with your getting well? And you
used to love that vine so, you naughty girl. Don’t be a goosey. Why,
the doctor told me this morning that your chances for getting well real
soon were—let’s see exactly what he said—he said the chances were ten
to one! Why, that’s almost as good a chance as we have in New York when
we ride on the street cars or walk past a new building. Try to take
some broth now, and let Sudie go back to her drawing, so she can sell
the editor man with it, and buy port wine for her sick child, and pork
chops for her greedy self.”
“You needn’t get any more wine,” said Johnsy, keeping her eyes fixed
out the window. “There goes another. No, I don’t want any broth. That
leaves just four. I want to see the last one fall before it gets dark.
Then I’ll go, too.”
“Johnsy, dear,” said Sue, bending over her, “will you promise me to
keep your eyes closed, and not look out the window until I am done
working? I must hand those drawings in by to-morrow. I need the light,
or I would draw the shade down.”
“Couldn’t you draw in the other room?” asked Johnsy, coldly.
“I’d rather be here by you,” said Sue. “Besides I don’t want you to
keep looking at those silly ivy leaves.”
“Tell me as soon as you have finished,” said Johnsy, closing her eyes,
and lying white and still as a fallen statue, “because I want to see
the last one fall. I’m tired of waiting. I’m tired of thinking. I want
to turn loose my hold on everything, and go sailing down, down, just
like one of those poor, tired leaves.”
“Try to sleep,” said Sue. “I must call Behrman up to be my model for
the old hermit miner. I’ll not be gone a minute. Don’t try to move
’till I come back.”
Old Behrman was a painter who lived on the ground floor beneath them.
He was past sixty and had a Michael Angelo’s Moses beard curling down
from the head of a satyr along the body of an imp. Behrman was a
failure in art. Forty years he had wielded the brush without getting
near enough to touch the hem of his Mistress’s robe. He had been always
about to paint a masterpiece, but had never yet begun it. For several
years he had painted nothing except now and then a daub in the line of
commerce or advertising. He earned a little by serving as a model to
those young artists in the colony who could not pay the price of a
professional. He drank gin to excess, and still talked of his coming
masterpiece. For the rest he was a fierce little old man, who scoffed
terribly at softness in any one, and who regarded himself as especial
mastiff-in-waiting to protect the two young artists in the studio
above.
Sue found Behrman smelling strongly of juniper berries in his dimly
lighted den below. In one corner was a blank canvas on an easel that
had been waiting there for twenty-five years to receive the first line
of the masterpiece. She told him of Johnsy’s fancy, and how she feared
she would, indeed, light and fragile as a leaf herself, float away when
her slight hold upon the world grew weaker.
Old Behrman, with his red eyes plainly streaming, shouted his contempt
and derision for such idiotic imaginings.
“Vass!” he cried. “Is dere people in de world mit der foolishness to
die because leafs dey drop off from a confounded vine? I haf not heard
of such a thing. No, I will not bose as a model for your fool
hermit-dunderhead. Vy do you allow dot silly pusiness to come in der
prain of her? Ach, dot poor lettle Miss Johnsy.”
“She is very ill and weak,” said Sue, “and the fever has left her mind
morbid and full of strange fancies. Very well, Mr. Behrman, if you do
not care to pose for me, you needn’t. But I think you are a horrid
old—old flibbertigibbet.”
“You are just like a woman!” yelled Behrman. “Who said I will not bose?
Go on. I come mit you. For half an hour I haf peen trying to say dot I
am ready to bose. Gott! dis is not any blace in which one so goot as
Miss Yohnsy shall lie sick. Some day I vill baint a masterpiece, and ve
shall all go away. Gott! yes.”
Johnsy was sleeping when they went upstairs. Sue pulled the shade down
to the window-sill, and motioned Behrman into the other room. In there
they peered out the window fearfully at the ivy vine. Then they looked
at each other for a moment without speaking. A persistent, cold rain
was falling, mingled with snow. Behrman, in his old blue shirt, took
his seat as the hermit-miner on an upturned kettle for a rock.
When Sue awoke from an hour’s sleep the next morning she found Johnsy
with dull, wide-open eyes staring at the drawn green shade.
“Pull it up; I want to see,” she ordered, in a whisper.
Wearily Sue obeyed.
But, lo! after the beating rain and fierce gusts of wind that had
endured through the livelong night, there yet stood out against the
brick wall one ivy leaf. It was the last on the vine. Still dark green
near its stem, but with its serrated edges tinted with the yellow of
dissolution and decay, it hung bravely from a branch some twenty feet
above the ground.
“It is the last one,” said Johnsy. “I thought it would surely fall
during the night. I heard the wind. It will fall to-day, and I shall
die at the same time.”
“Dear, dear!” said Sue, leaning her worn face down to the pillow,
“think of me, if you won’t think of yourself. What would I do?”
But Johnsy did not answer. The lonesomest thing in all the world is a
soul when it is making ready to go on its mysterious, far journey. The
fancy seemed to possess her more strongly as one by one the ties that
bound her to friendship and to earth were loosed.
The day wore away, and even through the twilight they could see the
lone ivy leaf clinging to its stem against the wall. And then, with the
coming of the night the north wind was again loosed, while the rain
still beat against the windows and pattered down from the low Dutch
eaves.
When it was light enough Johnsy, the merciless, commanded that the
shade be raised.
The ivy leaf was still there.
Johnsy lay for a long time looking at it. And then she called to Sue,
who was stirring her chicken broth over the gas stove.
“I’ve been a bad girl, Sudie,” said Johnsy. “Something has made that
last leaf stay there to show me how wicked I was. It is a sin to want
to die. You may bring me a little broth now, and some milk with a
little port in it, and—no; bring me a hand-mirror first, and then pack
some pillows about me, and I will sit up and watch you cook.”
An hour later she said.
“Sudie, some day I hope to paint the Bay of Naples.”
The doctor came in the afternoon, and Sue had an excuse to go into the
hallway as he left.
“Even chances,” said the doctor, taking Sue’s thin, shaking hand in
his. “With good nursing you’ll win. And now I must see another case I
have downstairs. Behrman, his name is—some kind of an artist, I
believe. Pneumonia, too. He is an old, weak man, and the attack is
acute. There is no hope for him; but he goes to the hospital to-day to
be made more comfortable.”
The next day the doctor said to Sue: “She’s out of danger. You’ve won.
Nutrition and care now—that’s all.”
And that afternoon Sue came to the bed where Johnsy lay, contentedly
knitting a very blue and very useless woolen shoulder scarf, and put
one arm around her, pillows and all.
“I have something to tell you, white mouse,” she said. “Mr. Behrman
died of to-day in the hospital. He was ill only two days. The
janitor found him on the morning of the first day in his room
downstairs helpless with pain. His shoes and clothing were wet through
and icy cold. They couldn’t imagine where he had been on such a
dreadful night. And then they found a lantern, still lighted, and a
ladder that had been dragged from its place, and some scattered
brushes, and a palette with green and yellow colors mixed on it,
and—look out the window, dear, at the last ivy leaf on the wall. Didn’t
you wonder why it never fluttered or moved when the wind blew? Ah,
darling, it’s Behrman’s masterpiece—he painted it there the night that
the last leaf fell.”
Public-domain original text shown for study context. Underlined terms can be tapped for simple reader notes.
What happens here
Johnsy believes she will die when the last ivy leaf falls, but Behrman paints a leaf that gives her hope and costs him his life.
Why this scene matters
The story matters because it turns a sentimental setup into a memorable lesson about sacrifice, art, and hope.
Characters in this scene
- Johnsy: The sick young artist who links her life to the last leaf.
- Sue: Johnsy’s friend and caretaker.
- Behrman: The older painter who secretly creates the life-saving leaf.
- The doctor: The medical voice who connects Johnsy’s recovery to her will to live.
Simple story version
Johnsy is sick and thinks she will die when the final leaf outside falls. Behrman paints a leaf that will not fall, giving her hope, but he dies after making it in the storm.