Section 4
Chapter 4 explained simply
Silas Marner by George Eliot
Original excerpt
Excerpt preview
Dunstan Cass, setting off in the raw morning, at the judiciously quiet pace of a man who is obliged to ride to cover on his hunter, had to take his way along the lane which, at its farther extremity, passed by the piece of unenclosed ground called the...
Read full original text in reading mode
Public-domain original
Dunstan Cass, setting off in the raw morning, at the judiciously quiet
pace of a man who is obliged to ride to cover on his hunter, had to
take his way along the lane which, at its farther extremity, passed by
the piece of unenclosed ground called the Stone-pit, where stood the
cottage, once a stone-cutter’s shed, now for fifteen years inhabited by
Silas Marner. The spot looked very dreary at this season, with the
moist trodden clay about it, and the red, muddy water high up in the
deserted quarry. That was Dunstan’s first thought as he approached it;
the second was, that the old fool of a weaver, whose loom he heard
rattling already, had a great deal of money hidden somewhere. How was
it that he, Dunstan Cass, who had often heard talk of Marner’s
miserliness, had never thought of suggesting to Godfrey that he should
frighten or persuade the old fellow into lending the money on the
excellent security of the young Squire’s prospects? The resource
occurred to him now as so easy and agreeable, especially as Marner’s
hoard was likely to be large enough to leave Godfrey a handsome surplus
beyond his immediate needs, and enable him to accommodate his faithful
brother, that he had almost turned the horse’s head towards home again.
Godfrey would be ready enough to accept the suggestion: he would snatch
eagerly at a plan that might save him from parting with Wildfire. But
when Dunstan’s meditation reached this point, the inclination to go on
grew strong and prevailed. He didn’t want to give Godfrey that
pleasure: he preferred that Master Godfrey should be vexed. Moreover,
Dunstan enjoyed the self-important consciousness of having a horse to
sell, and the opportunity of driving a bargain, swaggering, and
possibly taking somebody in. He might have all the satisfaction
attendant on selling his brother’s horse, and not the less have the
further satisfaction of setting Godfrey to borrow Marner’s money. So he
rode on to cover.
Bryce and Keating were there, as Dunstan was quite sure they would
be—he was such a lucky fellow.
“Heyday!” said Bryce, who had long had his eye on Wildfire, “you’re on
your brother’s horse to-day: how’s that?”
“Oh, I’ve swopped with him,” said Dunstan, whose delight in lying,
grandly independent of utility, was not to be diminished by the
likelihood that his hearer would not believe him—“Wildfire’s mine now.”
“What! has he swopped with you for that big-boned hack of yours?” said
Bryce, quite aware that he should get another lie in answer.
“Oh, there was a little account between us,” said Dunsey, carelessly,
“and Wildfire made it even. I accommodated him by taking the horse,
though it was against my will, for I’d got an itch for a mare o’
Jortin’s—as rare a bit o’ blood as ever you threw your leg across. But
I shall keep Wildfire, now I’ve got him, though I’d a bid of a hundred
and fifty for him the other day, from a man over at Flitton—he’s buying
for Lord Cromleck—a fellow with a cast in his eye, and a green
waistcoat. But I mean to stick to Wildfire: I shan’t get a better at a
fence in a hurry. The mare’s got more blood, but she’s a bit too weak
in the hind-quarters.”
Bryce of course divined that Dunstan wanted to sell the horse, and
Dunstan knew that he divined it (horse-dealing is only one of many
human transactions carried on in this ingenious manner); and they both
considered that the bargain was in its first stage, when Bryce replied
ironically—
“I wonder at that now; I wonder you mean to keep him; for I never heard
of a man who didn’t want to sell his horse getting a bid of half as
much again as the horse was worth. You’ll be lucky if you get a
hundred.”
Keating rode up now, and the transaction became more complicated. It
ended in the purchase of the horse by Bryce for a hundred and twenty,
to be paid on the delivery of Wildfire, safe and sound, at the
Batherley stables. It did occur to Dunsey that it might be wise for him
to give up the day’s hunting, proceed at once to Batherley, and, having
waited for Bryce’s return, hire a horse to carry him home with the
money in his pocket. But the inclination for a run, encouraged by
confidence in his luck, and by a draught of brandy from his
pocket-pistol at the conclusion of the bargain, was not easy to
overcome, especially with a horse under him that would take the fences
to the admiration of the field. Dunstan, however, took one fence too
many, and got his horse pierced with a hedge-stake. His own
ill-favoured person, which was quite unmarketable, escaped without
injury; but poor Wildfire, unconscious of his price, turned on his
flank and painfully panted his last. It happened that Dunstan, a short
time before, having had to get down to arrange his stirrup, had
muttered a good many curses at this interruption, which had thrown him
in the rear of the hunt near the moment of glory, and under this
exasperation had taken the fences more blindly. He would soon have been
up with the hounds again, when the fatal accident happened; and hence
he was between eager riders in advance, not troubling themselves about
what happened behind them, and far-off stragglers, who were as likely
as not to pass quite aloof from the line of road in which Wildfire had
fallen. Dunstan, whose nature it was to care more for immediate
annoyances than for remote consequences, no sooner recovered his legs,
and saw that it was all over with Wildfire, than he felt a satisfaction
at the absence of witnesses to a position which no swaggering could
make enviable. Reinforcing himself, after his shake, with a little
brandy and much swearing, he walked as fast as he could to a coppice on
his right hand, through which it occurred to him that he could make his
way to Batherley without danger of encountering any member of the hunt.
His first intention was to hire a horse there and ride home forthwith,
for to walk many miles without a gun in his hand, and along an ordinary
road, was as much out of the question to him as to other spirited young
men of his kind. He did not much mind about taking the bad news to
Godfrey, for he had to offer him at the same time the resource of
Marner’s money; and if Godfrey kicked, as he always did, at the notion
of making a fresh debt from which he himself got the smallest share of
advantage, why, he wouldn’t kick long: Dunstan felt sure he could worry
Godfrey into anything. The idea of Marner’s money kept growing in
vividness, now the want of it had become immediate; the prospect of
having to make his appearance with the muddy boots of a pedestrian at
Batherley, and to encounter the grinning queries of stablemen, stood
unpleasantly in the way of his impatience to be back at Raveloe and
carry out his felicitous plan; and a casual visitation of his
waistcoat-pocket, as he was ruminating, awakened his memory to the fact
that the two or three small coins his forefinger encountered there were
of too pale a colour to cover that small debt, without payment of which
the stable-keeper had declared he would never do any more business with
Dunsey Cass. After all, according to the direction in which the run had
brought him, he was not so very much farther from home than he was from
Batherley; but Dunsey, not being remarkable for clearness of head, was
only led to this conclusion by the gradual perception that there were
other reasons for choosing the unprecedented course of walking home. It
was now nearly four o’clock, and a mist was gathering: the sooner he
got into the road the better. He remembered having crossed the road and
seen the finger-post only a little while before Wildfire broke down;
so, buttoning his coat, twisting the lash of his hunting-whip compactly
round the handle, and rapping the tops of his boots with a
self-possessed air, as if to assure himself that he was not at all
taken by surprise, he set off with the sense that he was undertaking a
remarkable feat of bodily exertion, which somehow and at some time he
should be able to dress up and magnify to the admiration of a select
circle at the Rainbow. When a young gentleman like Dunsey is reduced to
so exceptional a mode of locomotion as walking, a whip in his hand is a
desirable corrective to a too bewildering dreamy sense of unwontedness
in his position; and Dunstan, as he went along through the gathering
mist, was always rapping his whip somewhere. It was Godfrey’s whip,
which he had chosen to take without leave because it had a gold handle;
of course no one could see, when Dunstan held it, that the name
_Godfrey Cass_ was cut in deep letters on that gold handle—they could
only see that it was a very handsome whip. Dunsey was not without fear
that he might meet some acquaintance in whose eyes he would cut a
pitiable figure, for mist is no screen when people get close to each
other; but when he at last found himself in the well-known Raveloe
lanes without having met a soul, he silently remarked that that was
part of his usual good luck. But now the mist, helped by the evening
darkness, was more of a screen than he desired, for it hid the ruts
into which his feet were liable to slip—hid everything, so that he had
to guide his steps by dragging his whip along the low bushes in advance
of the hedgerow. He must soon, he thought, be getting near the opening
at the Stone-pits: he should find it out by the break in the hedgerow.
He found it out, however, by another circumstance which he had not
expected—namely, by certain gleams of light, which he presently guessed
to proceed from Silas Marner’s cottage. That cottage and the money
hidden within it had been in his mind continually during his walk, and
he had been imagining ways of cajoling and tempting the weaver to part
with the immediate possession of his money for the sake of receiving
interest. Dunstan felt as if there must be a little frightening added
to the cajolery, for his own arithmetical convictions were not clear
enough to afford him any forcible demonstration as to the advantages of
interest; and as for security, he regarded it vaguely as a means of
cheating a man by making him believe that he would be paid. Altogether,
the operation on the miser’s mind was a task that Godfrey would be sure
to hand over to his more daring and cunning brother: Dunstan had made
up his mind to that; and by the time he saw the light gleaming through
the chinks of Marner’s shutters, the idea of a dialogue with the weaver
had become so familiar to him, that it occurred to him as quite a
natural thing to make the acquaintance forthwith. There might be
several conveniences attending this course: the weaver had possibly got
a lantern, and Dunstan was tired of feeling his way. He was still
nearly three-quarters of a mile from home, and the lane was becoming
unpleasantly slippery, for the mist was passing into rain. He turned up
the bank, not without some fear lest he might miss the right way, since
he was not certain whether the light were in front or on the side of
the cottage. But he felt the ground before him cautiously with his
whip-handle, and at last arrived safely at the door. He knocked loudly,
rather enjoying the idea that the old fellow would be frightened at the
sudden noise. He heard no movement in reply: all was silence in the
cottage. Was the weaver gone to bed, then? If so, why had he left a
light? That was a strange forgetfulness in a miser. Dunstan knocked
still more loudly, and, without pausing for a reply, pushed his fingers
through the latch-hole, intending to shake the door and pull the
latch-string up and down, not doubting that the door was fastened. But,
to his surprise, at this double motion the door opened, and he found
himself in front of a bright fire which lit up every corner of the
cottage—the bed, the loom, the three chairs, and the table—and showed
him that Marner was not there.
Nothing at that moment could be much more inviting to Dunsey than the
bright fire on the brick hearth: he walked in and seated himself by it
at once. There was something in front of the fire, too, that would have
been inviting to a hungry man, if it had been in a different stage of
cooking. It was a small bit of pork suspended from the kettle-hanger by
a string passed through a large door-key, in a way known to primitive
housekeepers unpossessed of jacks. But the pork had been hung at the
farthest extremity of the hanger, apparently to prevent the roasting
from proceeding too rapidly during the owner’s absence. The old staring
simpleton had hot meat for his supper, then? thought Dunstan. People
had always said he lived on mouldy bread, on purpose to check his
appetite. But where could he be at this time, and on such an evening,
leaving his supper in this stage of preparation, and his door
unfastened? Dunstan’s own recent difficulty in making his way suggested
to him that the weaver had perhaps gone outside his cottage to fetch in
fuel, or for some such brief purpose, and had slipped into the
Stone-pit. That was an interesting idea to Dunstan, carrying
consequences of entire novelty. If the weaver was dead, who had a right
to his money? Who would know where his money was hidden? _Who would
know that anybody had come to take it away?_ He went no farther into
the subtleties of evidence: the pressing question, “Where _is_ the
money?” now took such entire possession of him as to make him quite
forget that the weaver’s death was not a certainty. A dull mind, once
arriving at an inference that flatters a desire, is rarely able to
retain the impression that the notion from which the inference started
was purely problematic. And Dunstan’s mind was as dull as the mind of a
possible felon usually is. There were only three hiding-places where he
had ever heard of cottagers’ hoards being found: the thatch, the bed,
and a hole in the floor. Marner’s cottage had no thatch; and Dunstan’s
first act, after a train of thought made rapid by the stimulus of
cupidity, was to go up to the bed; but while he did so, his eyes
travelled eagerly over the floor, where the bricks, distinct in the
fire-light, were discernible under the sprinkling of sand. But not
everywhere; for there was one spot, and one only, which was quite
covered with sand, and sand showing the marks of fingers, which had
apparently been careful to spread it over a given space. It was near
the treddles of the loom. In an instant Dunstan darted to that spot,
swept away the sand with his whip, and, inserting the thin end of the
hook between the bricks, found that they were loose. In haste he lifted
up two bricks, and saw what he had no doubt was the object of his
search; for what could there be but money in those two leathern bags?
And, from their weight, they must be filled with guineas. Dunstan felt
round the hole, to be certain that it held no more; then hastily
replaced the bricks, and spread the sand over them. Hardly more than
five minutes had passed since he entered the cottage, but it seemed to
Dunstan like a long while; and though he was without any distinct
recognition of the possibility that Marner might be alive, and might
re-enter the cottage at any moment, he felt an undefinable dread laying
hold on him, as he rose to his feet with the bags in his hand. He would
hasten out into the darkness, and then consider what he should do with
the bags. He closed the door behind him immediately, that he might shut
in the stream of light: a few steps would be enough to carry him beyond
betrayal by the gleams from the shutter-chinks and the latch-hole. The
rain and darkness had got thicker, and he was glad of it; though it was
awkward walking with both hands filled, so that it was as much as he
could do to grasp his whip along with one of the bags. But when he had
gone a yard or two, he might take his time. So he stepped forward into
the darkness.
Public-domain original text shown for study context.
What happens here
Chapter 4 follows isolation, loss, community, parenthood, redemption.
Why this scene matters
Chapter 4 matters because it carries part of Silas Marner's larger pattern: isolation, loss, community, parenthood, redemption. Reading the situation first makes the public-domain original easier to follow.
Characters in this scene
- Main characters: The people or creatures whose choices carry this part of Silas Marner.
- Family or social world: The surrounding relationships, rules, promises, fears, or expectations shaping the action.
- Narrative pressure: The problem, wish, secret, danger, or misunderstanding that keeps the section moving.